Instituto Nacional de ciberseguridad. Sección Incibe
Instituto Nacional de Ciberseguridad. Sección INCIBE-CERT

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CVE-2025-52988

Severity CVSS v4.0:
HIGH
Type:
CWE-78 OS Command Injections
Publication date:
11/07/2025
Last modified:
23/01/2026

Description

An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (&amp;#39;OS Command Injection&amp;#39;) vulnerability in the CLI of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a high privileged, local attacker to escalated their privileges to root.<br /> <br /> When a user provides specifically crafted arguments to the &amp;#39;request system logout&amp;#39; command, these will be executed as root on the shell, which can completely compromise the device.<br /> This issue affects:<br /> <br /> Junos OS: <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> * all versions before 21.2R3-S9,<br /> * 21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S8,<br /> * 22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S6,<br /> * 22.3 versions before 22.3R3-S3,<br /> * 22.4 versions before 22.4R3-S6,<br /> * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S1,<br /> * 23.4 versions before 23.4R1-S2, 23.4R2;<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Junos OS Evolved:<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> * all versions before 22.4R3-S6-EVO,<br /> * 23.2-EVO versions before 23.2R2-S1-EVO,<br /> * 23.4-EVO versions before 23.4R1-S2-EVO, 23.4R2-EVO.

Impact

Vector 4.0
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:Y/R:U/RE:M CVSS v4.0 Severity and Metrics:

Base Score: 8.40 HIGH
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:Y/R:U/RE:M

Attack Vector (AV): Local
Attack Complexity (AC): Low
Attack Requirements (AT): None
Privileges Required (PR): High
User Interaction (UI): None
Confidentiality (VC): High
Integrity (VI): High
Availability (VA): High
Confidentiality (SC): None
Integrity (SI): None
Availability (SA): None
Automatable (AU): Yes
Recovery (R): User
Vulnerability Response Effort (RE): Moderate

Base Score 4.0
8.40
Severity 4.0
HIGH
Vector 3.x
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H CVSS v3.1 Severity and Metrics:

Base Score: 6.70 MEDIUM
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector (AV): Local
Attack Complexity (AC): Low
Privileges Required (PR): High
User Interaction (UI): None
Scope (S): Unchanged
Confidentiality (C): High
Integrity (I): High
Availability (A): High

Base Score 3.x
6.70
Severity 3.x
MEDIUM

Vulnerable products and versions

CPE From Up to
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* 21.2 (excluding)
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r1-s1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r1-s2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r2-s1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r2-s2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r3-s1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r3-s2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r3-s3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r3-s4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r3-s5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:r3-s6:*:*:*:*:*:*

To consult the complete list of CPE names with products and versions, see this page


References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools