Vulnerabilities

Use of Default Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Erlang/OTP ssl (DTLS server) allows predictable DTLS cookie computation during the startup window, enabling source address verification bypass.<br /> <br /> On DTLS server startup, dtls_server_connection:initial_hello/3 initializes previous_cookie_secret to the empty binary () instead of a random value. Because HMAC with an empty key is deterministic, anyone who observes the plaintext ClientHello can compute dtls_handshake:cookie(, IP, Port, Hello) and forge a valid DTLS cookie before the first rotation of the cookie secret. The DTLS cookie (RFC 6347 §4.2.1) is a denial-of-service mitigation that prevents spoofed source IPs from forcing the server to allocate state and perform expensive cryptographic operations; it is not an authentication mechanism. During the window from server startup until the first secret rotation (0 to 15 seconds), an attacker who can observe the plaintext ClientHello can bypass the source address verification, enabling DTLS handshake amplification with spoofed source addresses.<br /> <br /> This vulnerability is associated with program file lib/ssl/src/dtls_server_connection.erl and program routine dtls_server_connection:initial_hello/3.<br /> <br /> This issue affects OTP from OTP 20.0 before 29.0.3, 28.5.0.3 and 27.3.4.14 corresponding to ssl from 8.2 before 11.7.3, 11.6.0.3 and 11.2.12.10.

Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition (&amp;#39;Infinite Loop&amp;#39;) vulnerability in Erlang OTP ssh (ssh_sftpd module) allows an authenticated SFTP user to render an SFTP channel permanently unresponsive.<br /> <br /> The handle_data/4 function in ssh_sftpd contains a catch-all clause that accepts channel data of any type. When channel data with a non-zero type code (SSH_MSG_CHANNEL_EXTENDED_DATA) arrives with an empty pending buffer and a payload at or below the SFTP packet size limit, the clause tail-calls itself with identical arguments, creating an infinite loop.<br /> <br /> The SFTP protocol operates exclusively on normal channel data (type 0). Extended data (non-zero type) is meaningless for SFTP and is never sent by conforming clients. However, the SSH protocol permits any channel participant to send extended data on an open channel, so an authenticated SFTP client can trigger the loop by sending SSH_MSG_CHANNEL_EXTENDED_DATA with any data_type_code and any non-empty payload at or below the size limit.<br /> <br /> The targeted ssh_sftpd process enters an infinite tail-recursive loop. It never processes another message, its message queue grows without bound, and it can only be stopped by killing the process. BEAM&amp;#39;s reduction-based scheduler preemption continues to function, so other processes on the node are not starved, but each stuck channel process consumes its full CPU time share continuously and accumulates unbounded message queue memory. Opening many channels amplifies the CPU and memory impact.<br /> <br /> Erlang/OTP SSH configurations using the default max_channels setting (infinity) allow an authenticated user to open unlimited channels per connection, amplifying the attack without requiring multiple TCP connections or authentications.<br /> <br /> No file contents, credentials, or write access are obtainable through this issue. The impact is limited to denial of service on targeted SFTP channels, with secondary CPU degradation and memory growth.<br /> <br /> This vulnerability is associated with program file lib/ssh/src/ssh_sftpd.erl and program routine ssh_sftpd:handle_data/4.<br /> <br /> This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 until OTP 29.0.3, 28.5.0.3, and 27.3.4.14 corresponding to ssh from 3.0.1 until 6.0.2, 5.5.2.2, and 5.2.11.9.

Craft CMS is a content management system (CMS). Versions 5.0.0-RC1 and above, prior to 5.9.21 and versions 4.0.0-RC1 and above prior to 4.17.14 contain an authorization issue where a forced folder move can delete a conflicting destination folder without destination delete permission. Function craft\\controllers\\AssetsController::actionMoveFolder() supports moving an asset folder into a destination parent folder. If a folder with the same name already exists at the destination, the action can be called with force=true to overwrite the destination. This issue has been resolved in versions 5.9.21 and 4.17.14.

Observable Response Discrepancy vulnerability in Erlang OTP ssh (ssh_sftpd module) allows an authenticated SFTP user to enumerate the existence of files and directories outside the configured root directory.<br /> <br /> The SSH_FXP_REALPATH handler in ssh_sftpd calls relate_file_name/3 with Canonicalize=false, unlike every other SFTP operation handler. This allows .. components in the requested path to bypass the is_within_root/2 check without being resolved. The un-canonicalized path then enters resolve_symlinks/2, which walks up the directory tree above the configured root and issues read_link() syscalls on arbitrary filesystem paths.<br /> <br /> An authenticated SFTP client can exploit this by sending a REALPATH request with a crafted traversal path. The server response differs depending on whether the target path exists on the host filesystem (SSH_FXP_NAME when the path resolves successfully, SSH_FX_NO_SUCH_FILE when it does not). This creates a path-existence oracle that an attacker can use to enumerate the filesystem structure outside the configured root, including the existence of sensitive files, directories, and mount points.<br /> <br /> The vulnerability leaks only the existence of paths. No file contents, credentials, or write access are obtainable through this issue alone. The information gained may assist further attacks when combined with other vulnerabilities.<br /> <br /> This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/ssh/src/ssh_sftpd.erl and program routine ssh_sftpd:handle_op/4.<br /> <br /> This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 until OTP 29.0.3, 28.5.0.3, and 27.3.4.14 corresponding to ssh from 3.0.1 until 6.0.2, 5.5.2.2, and 5.2.11.9.

Craft CMS is a content management system (CMS). Versions 5.7.0 and above, prior to 5.9.21 contain a mass-assignment flaw in the bulk-duplicate element action. An attacker who is only able to duplicate their own entires can submit an arbitrary id through the newAttributes request parameter. The duplication routine overrides its own id = null reset with that value and writes the attacker&amp;#39;s attributes into the victim&amp;#39;s existing entry row. ElementsController::beforeAction() pulls the request body into $this-&gt;_attributes and rejects requests that ship an id or canonicalId key at the top level, actionBulkDuplicate(), reads a separate newAttributes array and passes it straight through to the service layer. Elements::duplicateElement() clones the source element, sets id to null, and then hands the attacker&amp;#39;s array to Craft::configure(), which overwrites the reset id with any numeric value inside $newAttributes. PHP Yii&amp;#39;s saveElement() then performs an UPDATE against the row with that primary key instead of an INSERT. The attackers&amp;#39;s title, slug, authorId, postDate, and UID land on the victim&amp;#39;s entry. safeAttributes() on Entry includes id because the base element model exposes it, so the Collection::only() filter does not strip it. This issue has been fixed in version 5.9.21.

Missing validation of "valuesFrom" references in Helm Deployer of SUSE Rancher Fleet 0.15 before 0.15.2, 0.14 before 0.14.6, 0.13 before 0.13.11 and 0.12 before 0.12.15 could be used by owners of one tenant to access fleet credentials of other tenants.

Redsea Cloud eHR contains an arbitrary file upload vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to achieve remote code execution by uploading malicious files through the PtFjk.mob servlet endpoint. Attackers can submit a multipart POST request with a JSP webshell disguised using a spoofed image/jpeg Content-Type to bypass the absence of extension and MIME type validation, with the uploaded file stored at a predictable path under the uploadfile directory and executed directly by the web server. Exploitation evidence was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2024-11-03 (UTC).

Landray OA contains an unauthenticated HQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to query arbitrary Hibernate entity classes by injecting malicious HQL syntax into the uid POST parameter of the wechatLoginHelper.do endpoint. Attackers can exploit the lack of input sanitization in the string-concatenated filter expression passed to the Hibernate findList() call to extract sensitive data such as administrator password hashes and, with sufficient database privileges, perform file-write operations enabling remote code execution. Exploitation evidence was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2024-03-11 (UTC).

Yonyou KSOA 9.0 contains an unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the com.sksoft.bill.ImageUpload servlet that allows unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files by submitting a POST request with attacker-controlled filepath and filename parameters without any authentication, file type, extension, or content validation. Attackers can upload a JSP webshell by specifying a malicious filename and root filepath, with the uploaded file stored under the pictures directory and directly executed by the web server, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution. Exploitation evidence was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2023-11-07 (UTC).

Dockwatch through 0.6.567 contains an unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary shell commands by exploiting a missing exit() after an authentication redirect in loader.php combined with unsanitized input passed to shell_exec() in ajax/compose.php. Attackers can seed the required session flag through the incomplete auth check, then inject arbitrary commands via the composePath POST parameter in the composePull action to achieve full host compromise, facilitated by the standard deployment mounting of the Docker socket.

A relative path traversal in the "keyhint" option in repomd.xml parsing of libzypp before 17.38.12 can be used by attackers able to supply a malicious repository to inject or overwrite files in the target system as root.

In Progress Flowmon versions prior to 12.5.9 and 13.0.11, a vulnerability exists whereby an authenticated low-privileged user may craft a request during the PDF generation process that results in operations being performed with the privileges of another user, potentially leading to unauthorized access to sensitive data and unintended modifications to system configuration.