Instituto Nacional de ciberseguridad. Sección Incibe
Instituto Nacional de Ciberseguridad. Sección INCIBE-CERT

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CVE-2025-11165

Severity CVSS v4.0:
CRITICAL
Type:
CWE-89 SQL Injection
Publication date:
24/02/2026
Last modified:
24/02/2026

Description

A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in dotCMS’s Velocity scripting engine (VTools) that allows authenticated users with scripting privileges to bypass class and package restrictions enforced by SecureUberspectorImpl.<br /> <br /> By dynamically modifying the Velocity engine’s runtime configuration and reinitializing its Uberspect, a malicious actor can remove the introspector.restrict.classes and introspector.restrict.packages protections.<br /> <br /> Once these restrictions are cleared, the attacker can access arbitrary Java classes, including java.lang.Runtime, and execute arbitrary system commands under the privileges of the application process (e.g. dotCMS or Tomcat user).

Impact

Vector 4.0
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H CVSS v4.0 Severity and Metrics:

Base Score: 9.40 CRITICAL
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Attack Vector (AV): Network
Attack Complexity (AC): Low
Attack Requirements (AT): None
Privileges Required (PR): Low
User Interaction (UI): None
Confidentiality (VC): High
Integrity (VI): High
Availability (VA): High
Confidentiality (SC): High
Integrity (SI): High
Availability (SA): High

Base Score 4.0
9.40
Severity 4.0
CRITICAL

References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools