Instituto Nacional de ciberseguridad. Sección Incibe
Instituto Nacional de Ciberseguridad. Sección INCIBE-CERT

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CVE-2025-49581

Severity CVSS v4.0:
HIGH
Type:
CWE-94 Code Injection
Publication date:
13/06/2025
Last modified:
03/09/2025

Description

XWiki is a generic wiki platform. Any user with edit right on a page (could be the user's profile) can execute code (Groovy, Python, Velocity) with programming right by defining a wiki macro. This allows full access to the whole XWiki installation. The main problem is that if a wiki macro parameter allows wiki syntax, its default value is executed with the rights of the author of the document where it is used. This can be exploited by overriding a macro like the children macro that is used in a page that has programming right like the page XWiki.ChildrenMacro and thus allows arbitrary script macros. This vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 16.4.7, 16.10.3 and 17.0.0 by executing wiki parameters with the rights of the wiki macro's author when the parameter's value is the default value.

Impact

Vector 4.0
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVSS v4.0 Severity and Metrics:

Base Score: 8.70 HIGH
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Attack Vector (AV): Network
Attack Complexity (AC): Low
Attack Requirements (AT): None
Privileges Required (PR): Low
User Interaction (UI): None
Confidentiality (VC): High
Integrity (VI): High
Availability (VA): High
Confidentiality (SC): None
Integrity (SI): None
Availability (SA): None

Base Score 4.0
8.70
Severity 4.0
HIGH
Vector 3.x
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H CVSS v3.1 Severity and Metrics:

Base Score: 8.80 HIGH
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector (AV): Network
Attack Complexity (AC): Low
Privileges Required (PR): Low
User Interaction (UI): None
Scope (S): Unchanged
Confidentiality (C): High
Integrity (I): High
Availability (A): High

Base Score 3.x
8.80
Severity 3.x
HIGH

Vulnerable products and versions

CPE From Up to
cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* 11.10.11 (including) 12.0 (excluding)
cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* 12.6.3 (including) 12.7 (excluding)
cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* 12.8 (including) 16.4.7 (excluding)
cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* 16.5.0 (including) 16.10.3 (excluding)
cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:17.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*

To consult the complete list of CPE names with products and versions, see this page


References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools