Instituto Nacional de ciberseguridad. Sección Incibe
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CVE-2025-71392

Severity CVSS v4.0:
CRITICAL
Type:
CWE-77 Command Injection
Publication date:
18/07/2026
Last modified:
13/08/2026

Description

SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 fails to properly escape table and field names in the command-line export command. An authenticated System User with OWNER or EDITOR roles can create tables or fields with malicious names containing SurrealQL. When a higher-privileged user subsequently imports the exported backup, the injected SurrealQL executes, enabling privilege escalation and root-level takeover of the SurrealDB instance. Applications that let users define custom tables or fields are also exposed to a universal second-order SurrealQL injection even when query parameters are sanitized.

Impact

Vector 4.0
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H CVSS v4.0 Severity and Metrics:

Base Score: 9.40 CRITICAL
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Attack Vector (AV): Network
Attack Complexity (AC): Low
Attack Requirements (AT): None
Privileges Required (PR): Low
User Interaction (UI): Passsive
Confidentiality (VC): High
Integrity (VI): High
Availability (VA): High
Confidentiality (SC): High
Integrity (SI): High
Availability (SA): High

Base Score 4.0
9.40
Severity 4.0
CRITICAL
Vector 3.x
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H CVSS v3.1 Severity and Metrics:

Base Score: 8.00 HIGH
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector (AV): Network
Attack Complexity (AC): Low
Privileges Required (PR): Low
User Interaction (UI): Required
Scope (S): Unchanged
Confidentiality (C): High
Integrity (I): High
Availability (A): High

Base Score 3.x
8.00
Severity 3.x
HIGH

Vulnerable products and versions

CPE From Up to
cpe:2.3:a:surrealdb:surrealdb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* 2.0.5 (excluding)
cpe:2.3:a:surrealdb:surrealdb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* 2.1.0 (including) 2.1.5 (excluding)
cpe:2.3:a:surrealdb:surrealdb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* 2.2.0 (including) 2.2.2 (excluding)

To consult the complete list of CPE names with products and versions, see this page


References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools